Apply the key principles of constructing graphs.

Free SOA Exam PA (Predictive Analytics) lesson in Data Exploration and Visualization. 10 min read, ~1,529 words.

Good graphs fail three ways: bad taste (chartjunk), bad data (misleading), and bad perception (hard-to-decode encodings). The eye decodes position and length accurately; it decodes angle, area, and color poorly, so prefer bars and dots over pies and 3D. ggplot2 builds a plot in layers: data, aesthetic mappings (aes), geoms...

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