Risk Measures, VaR, and Volatility

Free GARP FRM Part I lesson in Valuation and Risk Models. 22 min read, ~3,311 words.

VaR answers "what's the worst loss at confidence c over horizon h?" Parametric VaR assumes normal returns on a P&L basis:; daily rules drop the mean. Three VaR methods: parametric (assumes a distribution), historical simulation (reads the empirical quantile), Monte Carlo (simulates a calibrated process). Expected Shortfall (ES) is the...

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